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The Napoleonic Code ((フランス語:Code Napoléon), and officially ''Code civil des Français'') is the French civil code established under Napoléon I in 1804. The code forbade privileges based on birth, allowed freedom of religion, and specified that government jobs should go to the most qualified.〔Robert B. Holtman, ''The Napoleonic Revolution'' (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1981)〕 It was drafted rapidly by a commission of four eminent jurists and entered into force on 21 March 1804.〔 The Code, with its stress on clearly written and accessible law, was a major step in replacing the previous patchwork of feudal laws. Historian Robert Holtman regards it as one of the few documents that have influenced the whole world.〔 The Napoleonic Code was not the first legal code to be established in a European country with a civil legal system; it was preceded by the Codex Maximilianeus bavaricus civilis (Bavaria, 1756), the Allgemeines Landrecht (Prussia, 1794), and the West Galician Code (Galicia, then part of Austria, 1797). It was, however, the first modern legal code to be adopted with a pan-European scope, and it strongly influenced the law of many of the countries formed during and after the Napoleonic Wars.〔 The Napoleonic Code was very influential on developing countries outside of Europe, especially in the Middle East, that were attempting to modernize their countries through legal reforms. ==History== The categories of the Napoleonic Code were not drawn from earlier French laws, but instead from Justinian's sixth-century codification of Roman law, the ''Corpus Juris Civilis'' and, within it, the ''Institutes''. The ''Institutes'' divide law into the law of: #persons #things #actions. Similarly, the Napoleonic Code divided law into law of: #persons #property #acquisition of property #civil procedure (removed into a separate code in 1806). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Napoleonic Code」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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